Kent captain Matthew Fleming claimed four wickets to inspire a late Kent comeback against Yorkshire.
Bad light stopped play five overs prior to the scheduled first day close with the Tykes on 365 for seven - yet the visitors had been in fine shape on 327 for two just 73 minutes earlier.
After winning the toss, the white rose county took advantage of a sublime St Lawrence pitch and a short leg-side boundary on the lime tree side of the ground to punish Kent's injury-hit attack.
After the early loss of Simon Widdup, Vaughan - the only one on Yorkshire's three representatives appearing in this game to have also played in last week's series winning Test against The West Indies, started the run glut with a stylish 69 in almost three hours.
He finally went to an excellent catch by Rahul Dravid at second slip to give Fleming the first of his four for 77 return, leaving Anthony McGrath to add a further 195 for the third wicket in partnership with Australian Darren Lehmann.
Scoring at almost five an over McGrath notched 14 fours and a six on his way to a 181-ball hundred.
Lehmann, who has past 50 in his last six championship innings, was even quicker to three figures needing just 89 balls to reach his fourth century of the championship summer.
With the Yorkshire score on 330, Fleming removed McGrath to a catch at the wicket and then ended Lehmann's stay to a leg-side catch also by Nixon.
Gary Fellows followed in similar fashion in Fleming's next over, then David Byas and Simon Guy both went cheaply to Martin Saggers and David Masters respectively to give Kent a second valuable bowling bonus point in their quest to stay out of the relegation zone.